The basic structure of a centrifugal pump, centrifugal pump structure diagram

a centrifugal pump are big, wide surface, in addition to industrial application, a centrifugal pump is widely used in agricultural irrigation, municipal water supply, power plant circulating water supply, urban pollution treatment, etc. Centrifugal pump has many kinds of variety, various types of pump structure, though different, but the main components are basically the same, now we mainly introduce the basic structure of a centrifugal water pump.

the basic structure of a centrifugal pump

the basic construction of centrifugal pump is composed of eight parts, respectively is: impeller, pump body, pump cover, hydrosphere, pump shaft, bearing, seal ring, stuffing box, the axial force balance device.

1, the work is a centrifugal pump impeller parts, relying on its high speed rotation of fluid power and transport the liquid, are important parts of a centrifugal pump. Impeller generally by yi, and the cover plate of three parts. Impeller cover plate has a front cover and HouGaiBan, impeller cover plate called the front cover of the mouth side, on the other side of the cover board called HouGaiBan.

when a centrifugal pump starts, with the pump shaft to drive the impeller for high speed rotary motion, forcing filling liquid between blade rotation in advance under the effect of inertial centrifugal force, the liquid from the impeller center to the peripheral radial motion. Liquid in the movement process to obtain the energy flows through the impeller, static pressure can be increased, the flow velocity increases. When liquid left after entering the pump casing, impeller slowdown due to shell port gradually expand, part of the kinetic energy is converted to static pressure can, finally along the tangential flow into the discharge line.

2, pump body, also known as the pump shell, it is the main body of the pump. Support fixed effect, and connected to install bearing bracket. Volute refers to export to the next level of impeller impeller entrance or between pump outlet pipe of the cross-sectional area increased gradually spiral flow channel. Its export port gradually expand, for the diffusion tube. Liquid flow from the impeller, its velocity can be gradually reduced, can make a significant portion of the kinetic energy into static pressure.

3, the role of pump shaft is connected by coupling and motor, the torque of the motor to the impeller, so it is a major part of the mechanical energy transfer. By its end are connected to the motor shaft coupling, the other end bearing the impeller rotation, mounted on the shaft bearing, axial seal parts, etc.

4, role is to protect the water pump shaft sleeve, packing and the pump shaft friction into packing friction and shaft sleeve, so the shaft sleeve is easy to wear and tear of centrifugal pump.

5, bearing the weight bearing rotor and tolerance. More using rolling bearing in a centrifugal water pump, its outer ring and bearing hole adopts the basic shaft system, the inner ring with shaft adopts hole system, cooperate with the category of national standard has recommended value, could be selected according to specific situation. Bearing grease and lubricating oil.

6, idler pulley is a fixed disk, positive have a package in the impeller is the guide of the outside of the leaf, the guide vane constitute the whole diffusion flow channel, has a population of lead liquid to the next level impeller on the back of the wizard. Liquid from the impeller, gently into the idler pulley, along the outer flow, guide Ye Jixu towards speed gradually reduce, static pressure can be at most of the kinetic energy.

7, sealing ring, also known as minus leakage ring. In order to reduce the leakage and protect the pump shell, with the impeller at the entrance to the corresponding equipped with removable seal ring on the shell.

8, stuffing box is mainly composed of packing, don't let pump in the flow outside to not let outside air into the pump. Always keeping the vacuum inside the pump! When the pump shaft and be about to rely on water seal packing friction heat pipe water injection to the water seal circle packing cooling!

9, axial force balance device, in the process of centrifugal pump operation, because the liquid is in low pressure into the impeller, and under the high pressure flow, the pressure on the impeller on both sides of the range, the pointing in the direction the entrance of the axial thrust, will cause the rotor axial channeling, wear and vibration of the axial thrust bearing, and therefore should be set in order to balance the axial force.

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