Design elements of each component of the pump

Design elements of each component of the pump 3.1 Power source a. To clarify the test object and determine the power of the power source. The purpose of designing inspection devices for each unit is different. Some are only for testing the products of the unit, and some need to serve various pumps (such as inspection centers). The power of the source should be determined according to the actual situation. Taking the system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the calculation formula is as follows: P dynamic u003d P pump / (η tooth × η torque × η off × η pump) u003d Q × P × H / (102 × η tooth × η torque × η off ×η pump) where: the output power of the power source required for the P motion KWP pump water power of the tested pump KWη gearbox efficiency%η torque meter efficiency%η clutch efficiency%η pump water pump efficiency%Q water pump Flow m3/sH head mV Water gravity Kg/m3 We can use η pump as the reference quantity, and through calculation, draw the relationship curve between P motion and P pump (Figure 2). In the calculation, it can be assumed that η tooth and η twist And η are 0.95, 0.98 and 0.98, respectively. When P pump and η pump are known, the required power source output power can be determined from Figure 2. b. Types of power sources There are currently two common types of electric motors and diesel engines. The former generally does not adjust the speed and is suitable for general industrial pumps. Due to the difference in the speed of various industrial pumps, the parameters such as flow, pressure and power of the pump generally need to be converted to the corresponding value under the specified speed of the pump through the measured value at a specific speed (motor speed), which leads to the amplification of measurement errors. If the former requires speed regulation, DC motors can be adjusted by thyristors, and AC motors can be adjusted by frequency conversion, but the cost is higher. Of course, the use of electric motors has the advantages of relatively low noise and no other pollution; the latter is suitable for fire pumps, because fire pumps have changes in working conditions and require changes in speed. Diesel engine speed adjustment is more convenient. Adjusting the throttle and matching with a gear box can obtain a larger speed range and relatively low cost. The use of diesel engines has high noise and smoke emission problems. Which power source to choose depends on the design purpose of the inspection device, the unit's site, funding, and existing relevant conditions. 3.2 Transmission system There is a transmission problem with the water pump inspection device using diesel engine. The transmission system is mainly composed of a clutch and a gear box. For the design of gearboxes, two main issues should be considered: a. Speed u200bu200bratio determination For industrial pumps, pumps with a center height of less than 800mm generally have speeds of 1450r/min and 2900-2950r/min. As far as fire pumps are concerned, their speeds vary widely, generally 2000-4000r/min. To determine the gearbox speed ratio, it is necessary to consider not only meeting the test requirements of pumps with different speeds, but also allowing the engine to work near the maximum torque point. After analysis, the following five speed ranges can basically cover the test requirements of various fire pumps and industrial pumps: 1450 r/min; 2000-2400 r/min; 2900-2950 r/min; 3000-3600 r/min; 3600～4000 r/min. After selecting a suitable engine, according to the engine speed and the above five speed ranges, the corresponding speed ratio can be determined. b. Output shaft steering pumps are divided into forward rotation pumps and reverse rotation pumps. Considering the versatility of the inspection device, the output shaft of the gearbox is required to rotate forwards or reverse within a certain range of speeds. 3.3 Measurement and control system Take the system shown in Figure 1 as an example. To achieve automated testing, the system should consist of sensors, secondary meters, computers, interface boards, servo mechanisms, collectors, combined screens, and microcomputer software. Realize the control of diesel engine start, oil pump start, emergency stop, diesel engine acceleration and deceleration and electric valve in the control room; realize the alarm of diesel engine high water temperature, high oil temperature, low oil pressure and gear box low oil pressure and high oil temperature; realize water pump Automatic acquisition and processing of parameters. Several specific issues are explained as follows: a. In addition to the water pump operating parameters (speed, flow, pressure or head, power) and bearing seat temperature, the measurement content should also include engine operating parameters (water temperature, oil temperature, oil pressure, engine speed), gear box oil pressure, oil Temperature and related parameters of auxiliary devices (such as power room temperature, fuel tank oil level height, battery voltage, etc.) should also include the display of gearbox position and steering. b. The measurement accuracy of sensors and secondary instruments corresponding to the performance parameters of the measured water pump should meet the requirements of GB3216 'Test Methods for Centrifugal Pumps, Mixed Flow Pumps, Axial Flow Pumps and Vortex Pumps' (see Table 1), and other various The accuracy of the measuring instrument is determined as required. The accuracy of the primary and secondary meters shown in Table 2 are for reference. It should include: oil pump start, diesel engine start, emergency stop, acceleration and deceleration; electric valve control (control flow); program control of water water pump working condition switching to implement test; automatic start control of power room cooling device; diesel engine water temperature, oil temperature, oil Automatic monitoring and alarm of oil pressure and oil temperature of gearbox.
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