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15 common vacuum common terms -

by:J&T     2020-07-20

1。 Vacuum in vacuum, vacuum science, refers to the given space below atmospheric pressure of the gas state. People often say this rarefied gas state to a vacuum.

2。 Vacuum: as the name implies, vacuum degree is the vacuum degree. The thickness of the vacuum gas usually expressed as 'high vacuum' and the 'vacuum'. High vacuum means 'good,' low vacuum means 'poor'. The so-called 'vacuum' refers to the pressure in a given space is less than 10. 1325 million mpa ( Standard atmospheric pressure) or about 101300 mpa State of the gas. In the condition of vacuum, the thin degree of the gas often said with a gas pressure value. Obviously, the smaller the pressure value, gas is thinner.

3。 Extreme pressure vacuum pump, vacuum water pump can achieve the lowest pressure.

4。 Ultimate vacuum, vacuum container in fully stable in a certain vacuum degree after extraction. The vacuum degree is called ultimate vacuum. Usually need 12 hours of gas refining, vacuum container, 12 hours and then vacuum every 10 minutes to measure the last hours, take average of 10 times as limiting vacuum values.

5。 Atmospheric pressure, the surface of the earth around a thick layer of atmospheric pressure surface of the earth's surface or object is called the atmospheric pressure.

6。 Standard atmospheric pressure: refers to the standard atmospheric conditions of sea level atmospheric pressure. 1 standard atmosphere = 101325 = 760 nanograms palmer

7. Absolute pressure and relative pressure: direct role in the container or pressure on the surface of the object is called absolute pressure, absolute pressure value in absolute vacuum as a starting point. With a pressure gauge, vacuum gauge, u-tube and the instrument measuring pressure is known as a table or other relative pressure.

8。 Standard conditions: usually refers to the temperature of 0 ℃, pressure is 101325 mpa ( 1 standard atmospheric pressure, 760 MMHG) Conditions. In order to compare the gas volume has a unified standard. Unless otherwise specified, the density of the gas density refers to the standard conditions said.

9。 Pumping rate: under certain pressure and temperature, per unit time the amount of gas from the pump suction water pump called pumping rate. speed.

10。 Main pump: in a vacuum system, used to get the required vacuum technology to meet the specific requirements of vacuum pump.

11。 Before the pump: a vacuum pump, used to maintain a vacuum pump levels before before the pressure is lower than the critical pressure. For example, installed in front of the roots vacuum unit roots vacuum water pump of the rotary vane pump or liquid ring pump is backing pump.

12。 Vacuum gauge: instrument used to measure the vacuum.

13。 : vacuum system consists of vacuum pumps, vacuum gauge, vacuum container, and the vacuum valve, the cold trap and other parts of the suction device. According to the requirements of a certain through vacuum pipe has the smoke can qigong. Its function is within a specified time and space for vacuum, vacuum, and guarantee system in a process or implementation of the physical process.

14。 Saturated steam: when liquid evaporation inside limited space, the liquid molecules through space above the liquid surface into molecules to steam. Because the vapor molecules in turbulent thermal motion, they collide with each other, and the collision with the vessel wall and liquid surface. When collisions with the liquid surface, some molecules attracted to liquid molecules and return to become liquid molecules in the liquid. At the beginning of the evaporation, enter the number of molecules in space more than returns the number of molecules in the liquid. As the evaporation continued, increasing the density of vapor molecules in the space, so returns the number of molecules in the liquid is also increased. When a number of molecules per unit time space into equal to return the number of molecules in the liquid, evaporation and condensation in a state of dynamic balance. At this point, although the evaporation and condensation is still on, but no longer increases the density of vapor molecules in the space, the state is called a saturated state. In the saturation state of liquid called saturated liquid and its corresponding steam is saturated steam, but initially just wet saturated steam, only after the moisture to evaporate completely in steam is dry saturated steam. Never saturated steam to wet saturated and dry process of saturation temperature will not increase. If after dry saturated steam to heat, the temperature will rise and become superheated steam.

15。 Saturated vapor pressure, vapour pressure refers to the fluid ( Or solid) Exist on the surface of the material of the steam, the steam pressure on the liquid surface is the vapor pressure of liquid. The water's surface is water vapor pressure, for example, when the water vapour pressure to the total pressure of the gas on the water, the water is boiling. We usually see the water to boil, is in 100 degrees centigrade water vapor pressure is equal to an atmospheric pressure. Vapor pressure changes with the temperature, the higher the temperature, vapor pressure, the greater the, of course, and the kind of liquid. A certain temperature, and the same material of liquid ( Or solid) The equilibrium vapor pressure generated by the saturation vapor pressure, it increases with temperature rise.


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